Under the Clean Water Act, which two programs are mainly administered by the US Coast Guard?

The correct answer identifies the two primary programs under the Clean Water Act that are administered by the US Coast Guard: the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) and the Oil Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) program.

The NPDES is crucial as it establishes a program for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States, which is a foundational component of the Clean Water Act. Under this system, facilities must obtain permits to discharge pollutants, thus ensuring that water quality is maintained and protected from harmful discharges.

Similarly, the SPCC program focuses on preventing oil spills and minimizing their impact on the environment. This program requires facilities that store oil to develop and implement plans that detail how they will prevent and respond to oil spills, thereby fostering a proactive approach to pollution prevention.

These two programs are integral to the Coast Guard's mission to protect navigable waters and maintain water quality, making this the correct answer regarding the Clean Water Act’s administration. The other options mention programs that either do not fall under the Coast Guard’s purview or are not directly relevant to the Clean Water Act’s regulatory framework.