What measures can be taken to protect sensitive habitats during a spill response?

Implementing containment booms and protective barriers is a crucial measure for protecting sensitive habitats during a spill response. Containment booms are specifically designed to restrict the spread of oil or hazardous material on the water's surface, thereby preventing it from reaching sensitive shorelines, wetlands, and other vulnerable ecosystems. By establishing a physical barrier, responders can contain the spill and minimize its impact on the environment, allowing for more effective clean-up efforts and safeguarding local wildlife and plant life.

This option is rooted in the principles of spill containment and control, focusing on immediate protective actions that can mitigate damage to habitats. In contrast, while regular monitoring of wildlife populations and closing fishing areas might play a role in broader ecological management post-spill, they do not provide the immediate protective measures needed during the active spill response. The use of chemical dispersants, on the other hand, can sometimes complicate the situation, as dispersants may harm sensitive habitats and are not suitable for all types of spills. Therefore, the implementation of containment booms and protective barriers stands out as the most effective and direct response measure to protect sensitive habitats during a spill.